目的分析布拉氏酵母菌预防儿童抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的临床疗效。方法选取2012年10月~2014年10月接受抗生素治疗的108例患儿,将其按住院病历编号顺序随机分为常规组(54例)与预防组(54例)。常规组患儿仅给予常规抗生素治疗;预防组患儿在常规治疗基础上加用布拉氏酵母菌行预防ADD治疗。对比两组患儿ADD发生率、ADD治疗效果及临床症状消失时间。结果预防组ADD发生率低于常规组,ADD治疗总有效率高于常规组,患儿临床症状消失时间短于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将布拉氏酵母菌应用于抗生素治疗患儿中,能够有效降低ADD发生率,提高疗效,缩短临床症状消失时间,值得推广。 Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of B. Cerevisiae in preventing children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Methods A total of 108 children undergoing antibiotics from October 2012 to October 2014 were randomly divided into routine group (n = 54) and prevention group (n = 54) according to the number of inpatient records. The patients in the routine group were treated with routine antibiotics only. The children in the prevention group were treated with B.pumilus in the routine therapy to prevent ADD. The incidence of ADD, the therapeutic effect of ADD and the disappearance of clinical symptoms in both groups were compared. Results The incidence of ADD in the prevention group was lower than that in the conventional group. The total effective rate of ADD therapy in the prevention group was higher than that in the conventional group. The disappearance time of clinical symptoms was shorter in the prevention group than in the conventional group. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of B. Saccharomyces in antibiotic treatment of children can effectively reduce the incidence of ADD, improve the curative effect and shorten the disappearance of clinical symptoms, which is worth promoting.