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试验旨在研究在饲料中添加不同含量维生素E类似物和常规含量的维生素E,对异育银鲫的生长性能、肌肉成分、部分血清学和免疫学参数及对机体抗氧化能力的影响。在基础饲料中分别添加0(负对照)、150 mg/kg的维生素E(正对照),20、40、60、80、120 mg/kg和150 mg/kg的新型维生素E类似物(VEa),配成8种试验饲料。选取720尾初始体重为(5.74±0.024)g的中科三号异育银鲫,随机饲养于24个水族箱中,分别饲喂上述8种饲料,养殖周期为16周。测定其单尾增重率、摄食量、饲料系数、存活率、肌肉营养成分,以及血清和肝脏中的谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和肝脏中的羟自由基(·OH)水平等。结果表明,饲料中添加不同剂量维生素E类似物对鲫鱼的饲料系数、存活率以及肌肉的营养成分等影响不显著(P>0.05);与正对照VE150相比,从添加VEa20~150各组鲫鱼血清中谷胱甘肽-S转移酶GST活性均增加显著(P<0.05),VEa40、VEa120、VEa150组鲫鱼肝脏中GST活性显著降低(P<0.05);VEa60组肝脏中GST活性显著升高(P<0.05),VEa150组与其它VEa添加组相比,血清和肝脏中的GST活性均降低,这说明高剂量的VEa反而会抑制鲫鱼体内谷胱甘肽-S转移酶的活性;VEa60、VEa80、VEa120各组鲫鱼血清中过氧化氢酶CAT活性明显增加(P<0.05),而VEa150组CAT活性明显降低(P<0.05);VEa40、VEa60、VEa80组鲫鱼肝脏中过氧化氢酶CAT的活性明显增加,肝脏中羟自由基(·OH)明显降低(P<0.05),而VEa20、VEa120及VEa150组CAT活性明显降低(P<0.05),肝脏中羟自由基(·OH)明显升高(P<0.05),这说明过低或过高剂量的VEa均会对鲫鱼体内的抗氧化能力产生抑制作用。综上,新型维生素E类似物可以取代常规维生素E用作饲料添加剂,且不会对饲料系数及肌肉成分产生影响,同时只需约VE150组一半的剂量就可明显提高鲫鱼体内的GST活性和抗氧化能力。推荐新型维生素E类似物VEa在异育银鲫饲料中的添加剂量为60 mg/kg。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of vitamin E analogues and conventional vitamin E supplementation on the growth performance, muscle composition, partial serological and immunological parameters, and antioxidant capacity of allogynogenetic crucian carp. 0 (negative control), 150 mg / kg of vitamin E (positive control), 20, 40, 60, 80, 120 mg / kg and 150 mg / kg of new vitamin E analogue (VEa) , Dubbed 8 kinds of test feed. A total of 720 Zhongke No.3 gifted crucian carp with initial body weight of (5.74 ± 0.024) g were selected and housed in 24 aquariums at random. The eight kinds of feed were fed respectively and the breeding cycle was 16 weeks. The single-tail weight gain, food intake, feed conversion, survival, muscle nutrition, and glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) Hydroxyl radical (· OH) level and so on. The results showed that dietary vitamin E analogs had no significant effect on the feed conversion rate, survival rate and the nutritional content of muscle in the diet (P> 0.05). Compared with the control VE150, GST activity in serum increased significantly (P <0.05), while GST activity in liver decreased significantly in VEa40, VEa120 and VEa150 groups (P <0.05) <0.05). Compared with other VEa addition groups, GST activity in serum and liver decreased in VEa150 group, indicating that high doses of VEa could inhibit the activity of glutathione S-transferase in Carassius auratus. VEa60, VEa80, The activity of catalase CAT in serum of Carassius auratus group increased significantly (P <0.05), but decreased in VEa150 group (P <0.05). The activity of catalase CAT in the liver of VEa40, VEa60 and VEa80 groups (· OH) in liver decreased significantly (P <0.05), while CAT activity in VEa20, VEa120 and VEa150 group decreased significantly (P <0.05), and · · OH in liver increased significantly <0.05), indicating that too low or too high dose of VEa will inhibit the antioxidant capacity of crucian carp use. In summary, the new vitamin E analogues can be used as a feed additive instead of conventional vitamin E, and will not affect the feed composition and muscle composition, while about half the dose of VE150 group can significantly increase the GST activity and resistance Oxidation ability. The new vitamin E analogue VEa is recommended at 60 mg / kg for allogynogenetic crucian carp diet.