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目的分析四川省农药中毒流行特征,为指定预防措施提供依据。方法收集职业病网络直报系统中四川省2006-2015年全部农药中毒报告病例,进行描述性分析。结果 2006-2015年网络报告农药中毒病例共计41 785例,死亡2 371例,病死率5.67%,以非生产性中毒为主,39 039例(占93.43%);中毒病例平均年龄39.81岁,30~45岁年龄组的中毒病例最多(占26.32%);男女性别比为1∶1.22,差异有统计学意义(χ2=421.96,P<0.05),非生产性中毒中女性多于男性;中毒农药品种以有机磷为主,百草枯等除草剂排第二;成都、绵阳、攀枝花、资阳、宜宾、巴中、广元、南充等城市中毒病例占据全省大部分,其中成都农药中毒病例排第一。结论四川省农药中毒情况问题还很严重,非生产性农药中毒多于生产性中毒,30~45岁人群为高危人群,女性危险性高于男性,有机磷等杀虫剂为高危毒物。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Sichuan Province and provide evidence for the designated preventive measures. Methods All cases of pesticide poisoning reported in the network reporting system of occupational diseases in China from 2006 to 2015 were collected and analyzed descriptively. Results A total of 41 785 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported from the network in 2006-2015, with 2 371 deaths and a case fatality rate of 5.67%. Among them, 39,039 (93.43%) were nonproductive ones; the mean age of poisoning cases was 39.81 years In the 45-year-old group, the most cases were poisoned (accounting for 26.32%). The sex ratio of male to female was 1: 1.22, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 421.96, P <0.05) The varieties are dominated by organic phosphorus and the second is herbicide such as paraquat. The poisoning cases in cities such as Chengdu, Mianyang, Panzhihua, Ziyang, Yibin, Bazhong, Guangyuan and Nanchong occupy most of the province, among which the pesticide poisoning in Chengdu ranks first . Conclusion The situation of pesticide poisoning in Sichuan Province is still serious. Non-productive pesticide poisoning is more serious than productive poisoning. People aged 30-45 are at high risk. The risk of female is higher than that of male, and pesticides such as organic phosphorus are high-risk toxicants.