根据近二十多年来对地球的调查,获得了大量有关洋底地壳的性质和演化的新资料,从海底地貌及其几何特征,到地震、磁异常、古地磁及海底沉淀物的分布等许多新资料,都可以用海底扩张和板块构造的理论来解释.大多数现代构造活动正是发生在板块边界上,而板块边界和大陆一大洋边界已成为一些主要矿产资源集中的地方,也是重要的地震活动和火山爆发集中的地方. Based on the investigation of the earth over the past two decades, a great deal of new information has been obtained on the nature and evolution of the ocean floor crust, from the seafloor topography and its geometric features to the distribution of earthquakes, magnetic anomalies, paleomagnets and seafloor sediments Much of the new information can be explained by the theory of submarine expansion and plate tectonics, where most modern tectonic activity occurs precisely on the plate boundaries and where plate boundaries and continental-one-oceanic borders have become important places where major mineral resources are concentrated Seismic activities and volcanic eruptions concentrated place.