一、概况观测地磁场的变化,约自十五世纪开始,利用简单的仪器观测磁偏角和磁倾角。1785年库伦(Coulomb)发明了测转动惯量的方法之后,开始有了测量地磁场强度的试验。1832年高斯(Gauss)建立了测量地磁场强度的绝对值方法。此后,系统的地磁测量才在世界各地广泛开展起来。十九世纪后,地磁台由人工定时读取数值变化的方法转为使用照相的方法连续 First, the general observation of changes in geomagnetic field, about from the beginning of the fifteenth century, the use of simple instruments to observe declination and magnetic dip angle. After Coulomb invented the method of measuring moment of inertia in 1785, he began to experiment with measuring the intensity of geomagnetic field. 1832 Gauss established an absolute method of measuring the intensity of geomagnetic field. Since then, systematic geomagnetic surveys have been widely conducted around the world. After the 19th century, the geomagnetic station was changed from a method of manually reading numerical changes to using photographic methods continuously