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以辽宁省新民市某设施蔬菜大棚为研究对象,研究在保护地栽培条件下不同有机肥施用量对不同施肥年限的设施土壤(0~120 cm土层)硝态氮累积和淋溶的影响。结果表明,土壤硝态氮的垂直分布与土壤的施肥年限和有机肥施用水平密切相关。在不同施肥处理条件下,施肥1年后各处理土壤剖面硝态氮累积和淋溶程度均很低;施肥2年后硝态氮累积迁移显著,尤其是高量有机肥的投入(处理M4),设施土壤0~120 cm土层都出现硝态氮淋洗现象。在不同施肥年限下,中高量有机肥处理都存在不同程度的硝态氮累积现象,硝态氮累积量随施肥量和施肥年限的增加而增加,随土壤深度的增加而降低,累积峰值集中在0~60 cm土层。
Taking the greenhouse of a facility in Xinmin City of Liaoning Province as the research object, the effects of different organic manure application rates on nitrate accumulation and leaching in different soil fertility years (0-120 cm soil layer) under protective cultivation were studied. The results showed that the vertical distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen was closely related to the fertilization period of soil and the application level of organic manure. Under different fertilization conditions, nitrate accumulation and leaching were very low after one year of fertilization. Nitrate accumulation and migration were significant after two years of fertilization, especially when high levels of organic manure were applied (treatment M4) , Nitrate nitrogen leaching occurred in 0 ~ 120 cm soil layer of the facility. Under different fertilization years, there were different degrees of accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in medium and high levels of organic manure. The accumulation of nitrate nitrogen increased with the increase of fertilizer application and fertilization years, but decreased with the increase of soil depth. The accumulation peak concentrated in 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer.