皮锡瑞反抗外来侵略的思想极富时代特色。在甲午战争前 ,封闭而虚骄的皮锡瑞坚守夷夏大防 ,对于列强的入侵 ,视如夷狄内犯 ,严词斥责 ,力主用兵。及至甲午战争湘军惨败 ,深创巨痛的皮锡瑞转侧豁悟 ,对战和重作思考 ,提出“不明与之争 ,而暗与之拒”的“文明排外”论。 Pi Xi Rui against foreign aggression is very rich in the times characteristics of the idea. Before the Sino-Japanese War, the closed and arrogant Piqirui clinging to the big defense of Yi Xia. For the invaders of the powers, they were treated as criminals in the barbarians and severely reprimanded and forcefully employed. In the wake of the defeat of the Hunan army in the Sino-Japanese War and the deep pain of Pi Xirui, he went on to reconsider the war and reconsider his thinking and put forward the theory of “xenophobic” by “ignorance and controversy, and dark opposition.”