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目的通过人工免疫雄性小鼠获得抗精子抗体介导的免疫性不育雄性小鼠动物模型,观察其精子超微结构的变化,探讨抗精子抗体(AsAb)对精子的影响机制。方法用同种精子及福氏佐剂免疫昆明种雄性小鼠,ELISA法验证获得免疫性不育动物模型,同时设立正常对照组;观察精子密度、直线运动速度及活率,并计算与雌鼠合笼后的胚胎数,透射电镜观察各组精子的超微结构。结果人工免疫后的雄鼠血清AsAb均为阳性,正常对照组均为阴性;模型组血清AsAb、使雌鼠怀孕的胚胎数、精子参数及精子超微结构均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05),模型组小鼠精子超微结构大多数形态异常,表现为顶体结构不完整,双层膜不平行、肿胀,膜破裂,部分顶体缺失,核电子密度不均匀,头颈连接部异常,可见尾部线粒体排列紊乱甚至缺失。结论用同种精子及福氏佐剂免疫动物,可成功制作AsAb介导的免疫性不育动物模型;AsAb可通过攻击精子影响雄性小鼠的生育力。
OBJECTIVE: To study the ultrastructural changes of sperm ultrastructure induced by anti-sperm antibody in male mice by artificial immunization and explore the mechanism of anti-sperm antibody (sAb) on sperm. Methods Male Kunming mice were immunized with the same kind of sperm and Freund’s adjuvant, and the immune-infertility animal model was obtained by ELISA. At the same time, the normal control group was established. The sperm density, linear velocity and viability were observed. The number of caged embryos was observed by transmission electron microscopy of the sperm ultrastructure. Results Serum AsAb was positive in the male mice after immunization, and negative in the normal control group. Serum AsAb levels in the model group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P < 0.05). Most of the ultrastructures of sperm in the model group were abnormal. The results showed that the acrosome structure was incomplete, the bilayer membrane was not parallel, the swelling, the membrane rupture, the absence of some acrosomes, the heterogeneity of nuclear electron density, the abnormality of the connection of head and neck , Showing the tail mitochondria arranged disorder or even missing. Conclusion AsAb-mediated immune-infertility animal model can be successfully produced by immunizing animals with sperm and Freund’s adjuvant. AsAb can affect the fertility of male mice by attacking sperm.