Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is reported to affect 20-30％ of adults and is accompanied by various metabolic comorbidities, where the economic and clinical burden of NAFLD is attributed to the progression of liver disease as well as the presence of extrahepatic diseases. Chronic kid-ney disease (CKD), which has a high incidence rate, high morbidity and mortality rates, and high medical costs, has been linked to NAFLD. CKD is associated with some metab-olism-related risk factors that overlap with metabolic co-morbidities of NAFLD. Therefore, to investigate the poten-tial factors that influence CKD occurrence, the association between NAFLD and CKD should be clarified. Some studies have confirmed that NAFLD influences the occurrence and severity of CKD, whereas some studies have indicated that there is no correlation. In this review, the results of a few studies have been discussed, the potential risk factors for CKD in NAFLD are explored, and the respective biological mechanisms are elaborated to help clinicians identify CKD in patients much earlier than it is diagnosed now and thus help in reducing the incidence of liver and kidney transplants.