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以19份水稻品种(系)为试验材料,考察了15个主要产量性状与品质性状,并对其进行了相关性分析、主成分分析和通径分析。结果表明:参试的水稻品种(系)产量与单穴穗数、单穴穗粒数、结实率、谷/草比、穗长、二次枝梗数和蛋白质含量存在显著或极显著相关。主成分分析表明,前5个主成分累积贡献率达85.13%,第1主成分方差贡献率最大,因子包括:单穴穗粒数、二次枝梗数、单穴穗粒数、结实率和产量。通径分析表明,单穴穗粒数、结实率、单穴穗数对产量的直接作用最大,但三者在制约的同时,也是其他性状影响产量的主要因素。本研究利用相关性分析、主成分分析和通径分析等多元统计方法,对水稻产量性状与品质性状进行综合分析,以期为亲本选配、后代选择提供理论依据。
Twenty-nine rice varieties (lines) were used as experimental material to investigate 15 major yield traits and quality traits. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis and path analysis were conducted. The results showed that there was a significant or significant correlation between the yield of rice varieties (lines) and single spikes, single spikes per spike, seed setting rate, grain / grass ratio, spike length, secondary branch number and protein content. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components was 85.13%, and the variance of the first principal component variance was the largest. The factors included the number of spike per spike, the number of second branch, the number of spike per spike, seed setting rate and yield . Path analysis showed that the number of single spikes per spike, the seed setting rate, the number of spikes per panicle had the greatest direct effect on the yield, but the three factors were the main factors that affected the yield of other traits. In this study, the correlation analysis, principal component analysis and path analysis and other multivariate statistical methods were used to comprehensively analyze the yield traits and quality traits of rice to provide theoretical basis for the selection of parents and offspring.