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为解决林带冬季相结构过于稀疏、透风系数过大的问题,文中引证分析了林带冬季相结构因子(树木形体尺度、林带线性密度、行数、宽度)、林带结构参数(疏透度、立木疏透度、林带地上生物体积密度)与透风系数的关系;总结了林带冬季相结构因子对透风系数的影响规律。从林带设计原理出发,归纳了通过调节结构因子获得较小透风系数的方法:1)增大树木的形体尺度;2)增大林带的线性密度;3)在线性密度一定时,尽可能把有限的栽植点(或苗木)安排在较少的栽植行内;4)在线性密度、行数一定时,尽可能减小林带宽度。其中林带行数和宽度对透风系数影响较小,简化计算时可忽略不计。这为林带结构管理提供了清晰的认识和简便的方法。
In order to solve the problem of the winter phase structure is too sparse and the ventilation coefficient is too large, this paper cites the analysis of winter phase structure factors (tree form size, linear density, number of rows and widths), structural parameters Permeability, biomass density on the ground) and the ventilation coefficient. The law of the effect of winter phase structure factor on the ventilation coefficient was summarized. Based on the principle of belt design, the method of obtaining smaller air permeability coefficient by adjusting the structure factor is summarized: 1) increasing the body size of trees; 2) increasing the linear density of forest belt; 3) limiting the linear density to a minimum Of planting points (or seedlings) arranged in fewer planting lines; 4) linear density, the number of rows at a certain time, as much as possible to reduce the width of the forest. Among them, the number of rows and widths of shelterbelts have less influence on the ventilation coefficient, which can be neglected when simplifying the calculation. This provides a clear understanding of the structure management and easy way.