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内啡肽的研究是神经生物学中迅速进展的领域,近来陆续发现了一些新的内啡肽。结构活性相关研究表明,脑啡肽的五肽是最基本的活性单位,氨末端的酪氨酸是一个必要残基。下丘脑和垂体均可合成一个 ACTH 和β-内啡肽的共同前身(前 ACTH/内啡肽),分子量大于30,000;在下丘脑和垂体有特异的酶,前身物在此酶作用下可形成β-内啡肽。脑啡肽与β-内啡肽可能有不同的前身。体内许多组织中存在特异与非特异降解内啡肽的酶。目前已合成出一系列活性超过吗啡而较稳定的肽类物质。
The study of endorphins is a rapidly evolving field in neurobiology, and recently some new endorphins have been discovered. Structural activity related studies have shown that enkephalin peptide is the most basic unit of activity, the amino terminal tyrosine is an essential residue. Both the hypothalamus and pituitary can synthesize a common precursor of ACTH and beta-endorphin (pre-ACTH / endorphin) with a molecular weight greater than 30,000; a specific enzyme in the hypothalamus and pituitary that forms beta - Endorphins. Enkephalin and β-endorphin may have different precursors. In many tissues there are enzymes that specifically and non-specifically degrade endorphins. A series of peptides have been synthesized that are more active than morphine and more stable.