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目的:观察玻璃体切除术治疗飞蚊症的效果。方法:前瞻性自身对照研究。纳入南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院眼科2017年1月至2018年6月飞蚊症43例(43眼)行23 G玻璃体切除术，观察手术前后视力、眼压、生存质量量表情况，以及术中、术后并发症。结果:患者术后视力与术前差异无统计学意义(n Z＝-0.936，n P＝0.349)。术中2例(4.6%)发生医源性视网膜裂孔。术后10例(23.3%)出现一过性低眼压。9例(23.1%)发生白内障。1例(2.3%)术后6个月发生孔源性视网膜脱离。患者术后视功能相关生存质量量表得分较术前显著提高(n t＝-13.420，n P<0.001)。n 结论:玻璃体切除术治疗飞蚊症不影响视力，但合并少量并发症。“,”Objective:To observe the efficacy of vitrectomy for the treatment of muscae volitantes.Methods:This was a prospective self-controlled study.A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients with muscae volitantes who underwent 23 G vitrectomy were enrolled from Jan. 2017 to Jun. 2018 in the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure, the score of vision-related quality of life questionnaire, intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed.Results:There was no statistical difference between the postoperative and the preoperative visual acuity (n P=0.349). The iatrogenic retinal hole occurred in 2 patients (4.6%) during operation. The transient low intraocular pressure occurred in 10 patients (23.3%). Nine (23.1%) patients developed cataract. The rhegmatogenous retinal detachment occured in 1 patient (2.3%) at 6 months after surgery. The score of vision-related quality of life questionnaire after operation was significantly higher than that before operation (n t=-13.420, n P<0.001).n Conclusion:The vitrectomy for the treatment of muscae volitantes doesnot affect visual acuity, but it has afew complications.