论文部分内容阅读
炸药爆破后产生的有毒气体和矽尘是导致作业人员中毒的根源,并加速了矽肺病的产生。对烟雾的组成部分和粉尘的特性进行了研究,综述了当前的爆破手段。通过理论分析得出,炸药反应偏离氧平衡,爆炸的不完全反应,炸药爆炸时的岩石成分及环境等导致了有毒气体和粉尘的产生。通过职业病危害评价,对系统中的具体风险进行识别,找出对人体健康造成急性伤亡或慢性损害的职业病危害因素,并提出改善措施,进行职业劳动防护。
Toxic gas and silica dust generated after explosives blasting are the root cause of poisoning of workers and speeding up the occurrence of silicosis. The smoke components and the characteristics of dust were studied, and the current blasting methods were summarized. The theoretical analysis shows that the explosive reaction deviates from the oxygen balance, the incomplete reaction of the explosion, the rock composition and the environment during the explosion of the explosive lead to the generation of toxic gas and dust. Through the evaluation of occupational hazards, the specific risks in the system are identified, and the occupational hazards that cause acute injuries or chronic damages to human health are identified, and improvement measures are put forward to prevent occupational injuries.