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该文为《俄国与西藏——俄国档案汇编(1900—1914)》的序言。首先简要介绍了20世纪初以来俄国(沙俄、苏联、当今的俄罗斯)和英国等西方国家,以及中国自上个世纪50年代以来对西藏问题的研究情况;继而介绍了本档案汇编所收文件,以及文件所反映的事件,诸如,沙俄同中国西藏地方当局非法来往;英军入侵西藏;达赖喇嘛出逃外蒙古,俄国出于自身利益的考虑对达赖喇嘛是移居俄国,还是返回中国做出的安排;英、俄背着中国签订侵犯中国主权的《西藏协定》;俄国干涉中国清政府废黜达赖喇嘛名号;达赖喇嘛出逃印度;辛亥革命爆发后的西藏局势;中华民国大总统颁令蒙藏回疆各地方同为中国领土;阿旺德尔智策动西藏独立并与英、俄建立外交关系;华侨团体通电要求向西藏和外蒙古派兵保卫边疆,以及英、藏、中三方西姆拉会议等。
This article is the preface to “Russia and Tibet - Russian Archives (1900-1914)”. First of all, it briefly introduces the research on the Tibet issue since the early 20th century in Russia (tsarist Russia, the Soviet Union, Russia today) and the United Kingdom, as well as China since the 1950s. Then it introduced the documents collected in this document, As well as events reflected in the document such as the unlawful exchange of tsarist Russia with the Chinese local authorities in Tibet, the invasion of Tibet by the British troops, the escape of Dalai Lama from Outer Mongolia, the Russians’ decision to relocate to Russia or to return to China for their own interests ; The British and Russians carried China’s “Tibet Accord” that violated China’s sovereignty; the interference of Russia in the name of the Dalai Lama in the Qing Dynasty of China; the departure of the Dalai Lama to India; the situation in Tibet after the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution; the Grand President of the Republic of China So that Mongolian and Tibetan areas will be the same as China’s territory. Arangdeer will lead Tibet in its independence and establish diplomatic relations with Britain and Russia. The Chinese community forces will send troops to Tibet and Outer Mongolia to defend the frontier areas as well as the British, Pull the meeting and so on.