1949年初,沈从文发生严重的精神危机,之后他基本中止了文学创作,转向文物研究。本文试图从沈从文思想的存在特征这一角度出发,重新探寻这一危机发生的必然性和复杂性。沈从文1949年所遭遇的精神危机,与其思想的发展和特征紧密相关,“乡下人”思想的内在困境是导致他精神陷入崩溃的最重要原因。 In early 1949, Shen Congwen suffered a serious mental crisis. After that, he basically stopped his literary creation and turned to heritage research. This paper tries to explore the inevitability and complexity of this crisis from the perspective of the existence characteristics of Shen Congwen’s thought. The spiritual crisis encountered by Shen Congwen in 1949 was closely related to the development and characteristics of his thought. The inner predicament of his “countryman” thought was the most important reason for his spirit to collapse.