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氟乐灵是一种在水产养殖中应用广泛的除草剂。该农药的使用不仅对鱼类具有毒性作用,也可以在水产品的体内残留蓄积,已经日益受到国内外的关注。在氟乐灵使用过程中,农药原体可通过物理、化学或生物的方法得到一定程度的降解。因此,了解水产养殖水体环境中氟乐灵降解过程中可能存在的毒性风险,对保护水产养殖生物和人类健康显得尤为重要。本文研究了氟乐灵在降解过程中(化学降解、生物降解及化学-微生物协同降解)对鱼体内反映氧化应激状况的超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,简称SOD)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,简称MDA)两种指标的影响,对氟乐灵降解过程可能产生的毒性进行评价。研究结果显示,采用化学、微生物以及化学-微生物协同作用等3种方式对养殖水体中一定浓度的氟乐灵(0.05 mg·L~(-1))进行降解,降解过程未引起受试鱼类的死亡,鱼类未表现出行为异常或形态改变。在对照组中,鱼类SOD活性和MDA含量范围分别维持在41.87~42.54 U·mg~(-1)和1.85~1.89 nmol·mg~(-1),而在降解组中鱼类SOD活性和MDA含量没有发生显著变化,即没有对鱼类造成显著的氧化损伤。结果表明,在水产养殖过程中应注意氟乐灵的使用剂量,以低于0.05mg·L~(-1)为佳,也应通过后续的氧化剂和微生物降解及时去除残留在水体中的过量的氟乐灵,以有效避免养殖生物产生氧化损伤。该研究可为氟乐灵降解过程中的风险隐患防控提供理论依据。
Trifluralin is a herbicide that is widely used in aquaculture. The use of pesticides not only has the toxic effect on fish, but also can accumulate in the body of aquatic products, and has increasingly attracted domestic and foreign attention. During the use of trifluralin, pesticides can be degraded to some extent by physical, chemical or biological methods. Therefore, understanding the potential toxicity risk of trifluralin degradation in the aquaculture water environment is particularly important for the protection of aquaculture organisms and human health. In this paper, the effect of trifluralin (Superoxide dismutase, SOD) and malondialdehyde (SOD), which reflect the oxidative stress in fish during the degradation process of trifluralin (chemical degradation, biodegradation and chemical-microbial synergistic degradation) , Referred to as MDA) the impact of two indicators, the toxicity of trifluralin degradation may be evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of trifluralin (0.05 mg · L -1) in aquaculture water was degraded by chemical, microbial and chemical-microbial synergistic effects. The degradation process did not cause any significant changes in the tested fish Of deaths, the fish did not show abnormal behavior or morphological changes. In the control group, the activities of SOD and MDA in fish ranged from 41.87 to 42.54 U · mg -1 and 1.85 to 1.89 nmol · mg -1, respectively. However, in the degradation group, the activities of SOD and There was no significant change in MDA content, ie no significant oxidative damage to fish. The results showed that the dosage of trifluralin in aquaculture should be less than 0.05 mg · L -1, and the excessive amount of trifluralin residue should be removed by subsequent oxidant and microbial degradation Trifluralin, in order to effectively prevent the breeding organisms produce oxidative damage. This study may provide a theoretical basis for prevention and control of potential risks of trifluralin degradation.