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晶界处碳化物严重影响高速工模具钢的红硬性和耐磨性能,电渣重熔工艺能够有效地改善钢锭中碳化物尺寸及分布。传统电渣重熔生产较小钢锭的截面尺寸约为?200 mm,减小钢锭截面尺寸和增大冷却速率将会进一步减轻碳化物的偏析程度,但将降低生产效率、提高生产成本。采用双极串联、T型结晶器、抽锭电渣重熔新工艺生产90 mm方锭,并与相同熔化速度传统电渣重熔生产?200 mm钢锭进行对比试验。对钢锭成分、低倍、夹杂物、显微组织进行检验分析结果表明,90 mm方钢锭中碳化物尺寸和分布明显优于?200 mm钢锭,碳化物在后序锻造或轧制过程中更容易被破碎。新工艺电耗也低于传统电渣重熔工艺。
Carbides at the grain boundaries seriously affect the red hardness and wear resistance of high speed tool steels. The ESR process can effectively improve the size and distribution of carbides in ingots. The traditional ESR production of smaller ingot section size is about? 200mm, reducing the ingot section size and increase the cooling rate will further reduce the degree of carbide segregation, but will reduce production efficiency and increase production costs. A 90 mm square ingot was produced by bipolar series, T-mold and ingot electroslag remelting process, and compared with 200 mm ingot produced by the traditional electroslag remelting with the same melting rate. The analysis of ingot composition, low magnification, inclusions and microstructures showed that the size and distribution of carbides in the 90 mm square ingot were significantly better than that of the 200 mm ingot, and the carbides were more likely to be in the subsequent forging or rolling process Broken. The new power consumption is also lower than the traditional electroslag remelting process.