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以机械设备代替调压塔(井),是目前国内外水电建设中共同关注的课题。作者提出用脉冲式安全阀——爆破膜装置代替调压塔的设计,在1970年建成的灵正渠水电站安装使用,效果良好。该装置当机组甩负荷急速关机时,利用水压升高开启脉冲式安全阀,泄放一定流量,保证机组和引水系统的安全;并在压力引水管上装有金属薄膜片(爆破膜),作为后备措施。由于直接根据引水系统的水压升高而动作,免去了一套复杂的液压系统,不需对定型的调速器作任何改动,制造和使用都比较简单。安全阀采用脉冲式,既保证了动作灵敏,又避免了水锤作用下的开度频跳。以该装置取代调压塔(井),经济效益明显,水电站和扬水站都可采用,已建工程增设也较方便。灵正渠水电站多年运用情况和甩负荷试验电测记录都表明,用该装置作调节保证措施是成功的,它能有效地对机组和引水系统起到保护作用,压力上升和速率上升都能控制在要求范围之内。本文论述了水轮机组引水系统用该装置调压的原理,动态过程及计算方法,介绍了这一新技术的设计研究成果。
To mechanical equipment instead of pressure regulating tower (well), is currently the construction of hydropower at home and abroad in the common concern. The authors propose to use pulsed safety valve - burst membrane device instead of the design of pressure regulating tower, built in 1970, Ling Zheng drainage hydropower station installed and used, the effect is good. The device when the unit off load quickly shut down, the use of water pressure to open the pulse relief valve, the discharge of a certain flow to ensure the safety of the unit and the diversion system; and the pressure on the pipe with a metal film (bursting film), as Reserve measure. Due to the direct action of the water pressure in the water diversion system, a complex hydraulic system is dispensed with. There is no need to make any changes to the typed governor, so it is simpler to manufacture and use. The use of pulse-type safety valve, both to ensure a sensitive action, but also to avoid the opening of the water hammer under the frequency hopping. With this device to replace the pressure regulating tower (well), obvious economic benefits, both hydropower station and pumping station can be used, it is more convenient to build the existing project. Ling Zhengqu Hydropower Station for many years and load shedding test electrical test records show that the device for the regulation of assurance measures are successful, it can effectively protect the unit and the diversion system, the pressure rise and the rate of rise can be controlled Within the requirements. This paper discusses the principle, dynamic process and calculation method of the turbines water diversion system with the device and introduces the design and research results of this new technology.