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用盆栽方法测定了 2个春小麦品种—地方品种和尚头与现代品种陇春 - 82 75在 5个土壤水分梯度下 ,单、混播时的水分消耗、水分利用效率、竞争能力和籽实产量。单播条件下 ,在极低水分条件下 (1 2 % ) ,和尚头有相对较高的产量 ,在水分条件较好时陇春 - 82 75有较高的产量 ;在保持各水分处理条件下 ,地方品种和尚头较之现代品种陇春 - 82 75消耗更多的水分 ,水分利用效率较低。混播条件下 ,和尚头有较高生物量、籽实产量及较强的竞争能力 ,竞争优势不受土壤水分的影响 ,其表现为高个体生物量品种较之低个体生物量品种消耗更多的水分 ,陇春 - 82 75受到强烈的抑制 ,消耗较少的水分及较低的籽实产量。表明进化选择的是竞争能力 ,而非单播下的产量表现。可以预见 ,在小麦育种中选育具小根系的对水分弱竞争能力的品种将成为半干旱区今后育种的一个重要方法
The pot experiment was conducted to determine the water consumption, water use efficiency, competitive ability and seed yield of two spring wheat cultivars, Xiandao head and modern cultivar Longchun - 82 75 under five soil moisture gradients. Under the condition of very low moisture (12%), Monk’s head had a relatively higher yield under unicast conditions, and higher yield of Longchun-8275 under the condition of better moisture. Under the condition of maintaining the moisture content, Compared with the modern variety Longchun - 82 75, the local breed of monk heads consume more water and have lower water use efficiency. Under the condition of mixed broadcasting, the monk head has a higher biomass, seed yield and stronger competitive ability, the competitive advantage is not affected by soil moisture, which shows that the high individual biomass consumed more water than the low individual biomass varieties, Long Chun - 82 75 is strongly inhibited, consume less water and lower seed yield. Indicate that evolutionary choices are competitive rather than unicast yields. It is foreseeable that the breeding of small root systems with weak competition for moisture in wheat breeding will become an important method of future breeding in semi-arid areas