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棉花是关系国计民生的战略物资,是仅次于粮食的第二大农作物,而且也是涉及农业和纺织工业两大产业的商品,对国民经济的发展起着重要影响。美棉是目前世界上栽培最广泛的棉花品种之一,在世界棉花种植中有着举足轻重的地位。自清末的最初引种开始至今,美棉在我国的栽培已有近150年的历史,它的引种大大改变了我国的社会经济面貌,产生了重大而深远的影响。本文旨在透过有关历史资料,结合当前的相关研究成果,回顾美棉在我国的引种、推广历程,并在此基础上尝试对其在我国国民经济中所发挥的重大影响进行分析梳理。
Cotton is a strategic material that is related to people’s livelihood and the people’s livelihood. It is the second largest crop next to food and also a commodity that involves the two major industries of agriculture and textile industry, and plays an important role in the development of the national economy. US cotton is one of the most widely cultivated cotton varieties in the world and plays a decisive role in world cotton cultivation. Since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty’s first introduction, the cultivation of the United States cotton has been in our country for nearly 150 years. Its introduction has greatly changed the socio-economic profile of our country and has had a significant and far-reaching impact. The purpose of this paper is to review the introduction and promotion process of the U.S. and cotton in our country through historical data and relevant current research results, and on the basis of this, try to analyze and explain the significant impact it has on China’s national economy.