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目的分析母乳喂养态度对婴幼儿正常发育的影响。方法选取2014年1月-2015年12月南京医科大学附属妇产医院采用母乳喂养的女性90例,根据喂养态度分为积极母乳喂养组、接受母乳喂养组及拒绝母乳喂养组。观察并分析3组婴儿体重、头围和身长增长速率,智力发育等。结果随访3个月,积极母乳喂养组智力发育指数(MDI)为(92.34±10.19),运动发育指数(PDI)为(90.34±10.23),均明显高于接受母乳喂养组[(86.45±11.43)和(86.23±12.33)]和拒绝母乳喂养组[(80.23±13.11)和(82.23±11.98)](P<0.05)。随访6个月,积极母乳喂养组MDI为(94.78±11.99),PDI为(95.11±10.34),均明显高于接受母乳喂养组[(88.78±12.03)和(89.67±12.52)]和拒绝母乳喂养组[(83.67±13.98)和(86.56±11.00)](P<0.05)。积极母乳喂养组早产儿中易养型和中间偏易养型比例明显高于接受母乳喂养组和拒绝母乳喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组婴儿体重、头围及身长增长速率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论积极母乳喂养能够有效促进早产儿智力发育,并且有利于促进早产儿气质的健康发育。
Objective To analyze the effect of breastfeeding attitude on the normal development of infants and young children. Methods Ninety-nine women with breast-feeding in Affiliated Maternity Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected and divided into active breastfeeding group, breastfeeding group and non-breastfeeding group according to the feeding attitude. Observe and analyze 3 groups of infants weight, head circumference and growth rate, mental development. Results After 3 months of follow-up, the positive rate of MDI (92.34 ± 10.19) and PDI (90.34 ± 10.23) in active breastfeeding group were significantly higher than those in breastfeeding group [(86.45 ± 11.43) And (86.23 ± 12.33), respectively, and those who refused to breastfeeding [(80.23 ± 13.11) and (82.23 ± 11.98)] (P <0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, MDI in active breastfeeding group was (94.78 ± 11.99) and PDI was (95.11 ± 10.34), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in breastfeeding group [(88.78 ± 12.03) and (89.67 ± 12.52) Group [(83.67 ± 13.98) and (86.56 ± 11.00)] (P <0.05). The positive rate of erythropoietic and mid-ectropion in active breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that of breast-feeding group and non-breast-feeding group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the growth rate of body weight, head circumference and body length between the three groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion Positive breastfeeding can effectively promote the intellectual development of premature infants and promote the healthy development of temperament in premature infants.