淋巴结转移是妇科肿瘤常见的远处转移方式，也是患者预后不良的独立危险因素。盆腔和腹主动脉旁淋巴结切除术是妇科恶性肿瘤手术治疗的重要组成部分，旨在通过明确淋巴结状态来指导治疗方案选择，或通过切除阳性淋巴结来减少肿瘤负荷，最终改善患者生存结局。在决定是否切除淋巴结以及淋巴结切除范围时，需综合评估淋巴结切除术相关的生存获益和手术并发症风险。因不同妇科肿瘤淋巴结转移特征、手术目的不尽相同，淋巴结处理原则也各有特点；前哨淋巴结技术逐渐流行，为我们提供了新的选择，也带来新的疑惑。本文拟结合相关研究进展，对子宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌中淋巴结切除术的特点和问题进行辨析，以促进大家对相关临床决策的思考。“,”Lymph node metastasis represents a common way of distant spread of gynecologic malignancies and an independent risk factor of poor prognosis of patients. The pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy is a critical part of the surgical treatment of gynecologic cancer, which potentially improves the survival outcomes of patients through clarifying the node status to guide the subsequent management and/or removal of positive nodes to reduce the tumor burden. However, when we make a decision about lymphadenectomy, we should balance the related survival benefits and morbidities impacting the long-term quality of life. It is noteworthy that the principles of lymph node management are varied between different types and different stages of tumors characterized with different clinical features. Moreover, the sentinel lymph node biopsy, which has been emerging as a promising alternative to traditional systematic lymph node dissection, provides new options while bringing new issues. Here, based on the latest progress in relevant fields, we attempt to figure out the distinct features and unanswered questions in the management of lymph nodes of patients with cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer, which may trigger meaningful thoughts regarding related clinical decision.