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20世纪八九十年代,新自由主义在大多数拉美国家盛行。然而,新自由主义并没能促进拉美国家经济和社会的发展,反而使拉美国家接二连三地发生了债务危机、金融危机和经济危机。自21世纪初以来,拉美和美国的一些进步学者对拉美新自由主义发展模式提出了批评,并提出了后新自由主义的主张。1987年,巴西经济和社会学家、依附论创始者之一鲁伊.毛罗.马里尼提出新发展主义,以取代发展主义。21世纪初,拉美一些国家的进步学者再次提出新发展主义,以替代20世纪八九十年代在拉美盛行的新自由主义。
In the 1980s and 1990s, neoliberalism prevailed in most Latin American countries. However, neo-liberalism failed to promote the economic and social development of Latin American countries, but instead led Latin American countries to one after another debt crisis, financial crisis and economic crisis. Since the early 21st century, some progressive scholars in Latin America and the United States have criticized the development model of Latin American neoliberalism and proposed post-neoliberalist ideas. In 1987, Rui Mauro Marini, a Brazilian economic and sociologist and co-founder of dependency theory, put forward new developmentism to replace developmentalism. In the early 21st century, progressive scholars in some Latin American countries once again proposed new developmentism to replace neo-liberalism prevalent in Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s.