目的比较腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术与开腹子宫肌瘤切除术的临床效果。方法随机选取2013年3月~2014年2月于齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院行子宫肌瘤切除术的患者79例,随机分为实验组(40例)和对照组(39例)。实验组患者采用腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术,对照组患者采用开腹子宫肌瘤切除术。比较两组的围术期情况。结果实验组手术时间〔(68.5±13.4)min〕明显长于对照组〔(49.3±7.5)min〕,但术中出血量〔(58.8±10.2)ml〕、肛门排气时间〔(15.7±5.5)h〕和住院时间〔(6.1±1.0)天〕均明显短于对照组〔(80.6±12.5)ml〕〔(24.9±8.2)h〕〔(9.4±2.3)天〕(P<0.05)。实验组术后出现切口感染和皮下气肿各1例,对照组出现切口感染2例、肠道合并症1例,两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患者术后1个月内均恢复月经,实验组3例在术后24个月复发,对照组4例在术后24个月复发,两组复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术较开腹子宫肌瘤切除术术中出血量小、患者恢复时间短,符合微创原则,应在临床工作中推广。 Objective To compare the clinical effects of laparoscopic myomectomy and open myomectomy. Methods From March 2013 to February 2014, 79 patients with myomectomy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College were randomly divided into experimental group (40 cases) and control group (39 cases). Laparoscopic myomectomy was performed in the experimental group, while the control group was treated by open myomectomy. Perioperative conditions were compared between the two groups. Results The operative time (68.5 ± 13.4 min) in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control group (49.3 ± 7.5) min, but the intraoperative bleeding volume was (58.8 ± 10.2) ml and the anal exhaust time was (15.7 ± 5.5) h and hospital stay of 6.1 ± 1.0 days were significantly shorter than those of the control group (80.6 ± 12.5) ml 〔(24.9 ± 8.2〕 h〕 〔〕 〔〔〕 〔(9.4 ± 2.3) days〕 (P <0.05). One case of incision infection and subcutaneous emphysema occurred in the experimental group. There were 2 cases of incision infection and 1 case of intestinal complications in the control group. There was no significant difference in the complication rates between the two groups (P> 0.05). All patients recovered menstruation within 1 month after operation, 3 cases in experimental group relapsed 24 months after operation, and 4 cases in control group relapsed 24 months after operation. There was no significant difference in relapse rate between the two groups (P> 0.05 ). Conclusion Laparoscopic myomectomy compared with open myomectomy surgery less bleeding, patients with short recovery time, in line with the principle of minimally invasive, should be promoted in clinical work.