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目的：分析纵隔气肿的X线及CT表现，提高纵隔气肿的诊断水平。方法回顾性分析23例确诊纵隔气肿患者的X线平片与多排螺旋CT表现。结果 X线平片显示纵隔气肿呈纵膈缘透亮影，准确率80%，CT能清晰显示气肿，准确率100%。结论 X线检查纵隔气肿易漏诊，CT检查有利于纵隔气肿的诊断。“,”ObjectiveTo analyze X-ray and CT ifndings of mediastinal emphysema and improve the level of diagnosis of mediastinal emphysema.Methods A retrospective analysis of 23 cases of suspected X-ray and MSCT findings of mediastinal emphysema.Result X-ray film showed mediastinal emphysema showed mediastinal margin of lucency shadow, the accurate rate was 80%,and CT can clearly show the emphysema with accuracy rate of 100%.Conclusion X-ray examination of mediastinal emphysema may lead to misdiagnosis, while CT examination is helpful for the diagnosis of mediastinal emphysema.