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【目的】 探讨目前青少年心理行为问题的临床特点 ,促进儿科医生对青少年问题的了解和关注。 【方法】 选自综合医院临床心理门诊儿童病例 43 1例 ,按年龄阶段和年级分析就诊率、问题种类和原因的构成比。 【结果】 11～ 19岁青少年占就诊儿童总数的 75 %。高三学生的人数最多 ( 13 .9% ) ,其次是初三学生 ( 11.6% )。行为问题是幼儿园、小学阶段的首要问题。随年级的升高 ,外在的行为问题减少 ,而情绪问题则很快增加 ,性问题和睡眠问题到小学高年级时出现并开始增多 ,但比例均较低。 【结论】 青少年容易出现内隐的情绪问题。儿科医生应扩大服务和研究范围 ,提高对青少年健康的关心 ,并需重视促进青少年性心理的健康发展。
【Objective】 To explore the clinical features of the current psychological and behavioral problems among adolescents and to promote pediatricians’ understanding and attention to adolescent problems. 【Method】 One hundred and forty-one children were selected from clinical psychology outpatient clinics in General Hospital. The proportions of visiting rate, problem type and cause were analyzed by age and grade. 【Results】 Adolescents aged 11-19 accounted for 75% of the total number of children attending the clinic. The number of juniors was the highest (13.9%), followed by the students of juniors (11.6%). Behavioral problems are the primary problems in kindergarten and elementary school. As the grade increases, the number of external behavioral problems decreases while the number of emotional problems increases rapidly. Sexual and sleep problems appear and begin to increase in the upper primary school, but at a lower rate. 【Conclusion】 Adolescents tend to have implicit emotional problems. Pediatricians should expand the scope of their services and research to raise their concern for the health of adolescents and attach importance to promoting the healthy development of adolescent sexual psychology.