募捐为慈善活动之命脉,与慈善活动的长期发展休戚相关。慈善活动又与国家秩序紧密相连,从奉化孤儿院来看,国家有序时慈善活动主要依靠民捐顺利进行,以地方精英为主力,普通百姓为辅力;国家失序时慈善活动亦动荡不堪,此时募捐方式也应势改变,民捐与政府拨助相结合。至于募捐中会出现“善举徭役化”之倾向,则需深入研析。 Fundraising is the lifeblood of charitable activities and has a bearing on the long-term development of charitable activities. Philanthropic activities are closely linked with the state order. According to the Fenghua Orphanage, the charitable activities organized by the state mainly depend on the successful donation of people, the local elites as the main force, the ordinary people as the secondary force, and the chaotic charity activities in the country are in turmoil. At this point the mode of fund-raising should also change trend, the people donated and the government assistance combined. As for the fundraising, there will be a tendency of “charity, meritorious service,” and need further analysis.