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普通高中招生考试过程中的过度竞争表现为严重的学生课业负担过重问题,而“重点学校”政策引起的教育公平缺失则表现为“择校热”问题。当前,各地中考改革的政策导向有两个要点:逐渐淡化中考,倡导把“初中学业考试成绩和综合素质评价结果作为普通高中招生的主要依据”;降低初中校际的竞争强度,采用“指标到校”招生录取政策。两种政策导向都存在一定的风险,各地在实践中要因地、因时制宜,并不断对其进行完善。
Excessive competition in the process of general senior high school entrance examination shows the problem of serious overburdening of students’ schoolwork, while the lack of education fairness caused by the “key schools” policy shows the problem of “hot school choice.” At present, there are two main points in the policy guidance for the reform of senior high school entrance examination: gradually dilute the senior high school entrance examination, advocate the “junior middle school academic test results and comprehensive quality evaluation results as the main basis for ordinary senior high school enrollment”; reduce junior high school inter-school competition intensity, “Indicators to school ” admission admissions policy. There are risks in both policy orientations. Everywhere in the world should be based on local conditions, adapt to the times and keep improving it.