出生缺陷是指胚胎或胎儿发育过程中结构或功能发生的异常,是影响人口素质的主要原因,也是围产儿死亡的主要原因之一。存活的缺陷儿多数会留有不同程度的残疾,不仅严重影响缺陷儿未来的生活质量,还将给家庭和社会造成沉重的经济负担。2005年,中国疾病预防控制中心在对淮河流域重点地区恶性肿瘤进行流行病学调查中发现,淮河支流 Birth defects refer to the abnormalities in the structure or function of the embryo or the fetus during development, which is the main reason that affects the quality of the population. It is also one of the major causes of perinatal death. Most surviving children with disabilities will have varying degrees of disability, not only seriously affect the quality of life of children with defects in the future, but also will cause heavy financial burden on families and society. In 2005, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the key areas of Huaihe River in the epidemiological survey of malignant tumors found that the tributaries of the Huaihe River