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产权改革的突破口是劳动，即人力资本的产权明晰。劳动产权中劳动剩余索取权最为重要。在社会主义市场经济实践中，企业剩余即 Ｍ部分的积累资料，应该被分割成社会积累资料和个人积累资料。在理论上承认和在量上界定个人积累资料，就是劳动产权中的剩余索取权的适当实现。怀有偏见的传统理论否定了劳动剩余索取权，引发了国家垄断国有企业剩余。这种现象，通过数学模型分析表明，否定劳动剩余索取权，在经济上是低效率的；而给予适当劳动的剩余索取权，经济效率则产生明显变化。
The breakthrough of property rights reform is labor, that is, the property rights of human capital are clear. Labor claims in labor rights are most important. In the practice of socialist market economy, the accumulated information on the remaining part of the enterprise, M, should be divided into the social accumulation of data and the accumulation of personal data. The theoretical recognition and quantitative definition of the individual's accumulation of data is the appropriate realization of the residual claim in labor property. The prejudiced traditional theory denied the right to claim labor removals and triggered the state monopoly of state-owned enterprises surplus. This phenomenon, through the analysis of mathematical models, shows that it is economically inefficient to negate the right to claim the remuneration of the workforce. However, given the residual claim of proper labor, economic efficiency changes significantly.