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寒区冬季明渠引水长期遭受冰害困扰,严重制约工农业及居民生活用水,经济损失巨大.结合新疆红山嘴水电站2级引水明渠,采用原型观测方法,开展了2次抽水融冰试验.根据试验结果,分析了不同水井运行方式下,井后明渠沿程水温、井前后5m明渠水温及整个引水明渠沿程水温的变化情况,得到了上述情况下明渠水温的变化规律及水井运行制度对水温变化的影响.处于运行状态的水井井后明渠水温得到了显著提高,在井后50m范围内,水温急剧下降,并产生较大波动,超出该范围后,水温下降不明显,波动也相对平缓;井水和渠水的混掺及渠水与外界的热交换过程并不能在短时间、短距离内完成.2次试验气温基本相同,试验过程中明渠末端水温相差不大,都在1.5℃左右.
In winter, the water diversion in winter open channels has long been plagued by ice damage, seriously restricting the industrial, agricultural and residential water use, resulting in a huge economic loss.According to the Grade 2 diversion channel of Hongshanzui Hydropower Station in Xinjiang, Based on the test results, the variation of water temperature along the open channel and the water temperature of 5m open channel under the well and the water diversion channel along the entire open diversion channel under different well operation modes were analyzed. The variation rules of water temperature in the open channel under the above conditions were obtained and the influence of well operating system on water temperature The water temperature of the open channel after operation was significantly increased, and the water temperature dropped sharply within 50m after the well and resulted in large fluctuations beyond which water temperature did not drop obviously and the fluctuations were relatively flat. The well mixing of well water and canal water and the heat exchange process between canal water and the outside world can not be completed within a short time and a short distance.The temperatures of the second test are basically the same and the water temperature at the end of the open channel during the experiment is not much different and both are around 1.5 ℃ .