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目的掌握湖南省主要食品中锑的污染水平,评估湖南居民膳食中锑暴露安全性。方法运用湖南省常住居民营养与健康状况现状分析数据和2014—2015年湖南主要食品污染物监测数据,获得湖南地区居民膳食中锑暴露量,采用世界卫生组织规定锑的每日耐受摄入量(TDI)的限值,评价湖南居民从食物中摄入锑的安全性。结果粮食、蔬菜、水果、肉类、水产品、饮料、乳制品7类共1 445份食品样品中,锑检出率为80.8%(1 168/1 445),食品中锑含量的范围为ND~0.20 mg/kg,平均数为(0.046±0.17)mg/kg,中位数为0.008 4 mg/kg;湖南地区居民通过7类主要食品的锑暴露量为0.65μg/kg BW,安全限值(MOS)为9.2。蔬菜是膳食中锑暴露的主要来源,其贡献率为83.09%。结论湖南地区主要食品中锑的暴露水平未超过TDI值,MOS值>1,居民膳食中锑暴露水平总体处于安全状态,但膳食中蔬菜类对锑暴露的贡献较大,值得关注。
Objective To understand the pollution level of antimony in the main foods in Hunan Province and evaluate the safety of antimony exposure in Hunan residents’ diet. Methods Based on the analysis of the status quo of nutrition and health status of permanent residents in Hunan Province and monitoring data of major food contaminants in Hunan from 2014 to 2015, the daily exposure to antimony in residents’ diet in Hunan was obtained. The daily tolerable intake of antimony was determined by World Health Organization (TDI) limit to evaluate the safety of Hunan residents in their intake of antimony from food. Results The detection rate of antimony was 80.8% (1 168/1 445) in 1 445 food samples of 7 categories of foodstuffs, vegetables, fruits, meat, aquatic products, beverages and dairy products. The content of antimony in foodstuffs ranged from ND ~ 0.20 mg / kg, with an average of (0.046 ± 0.17) mg / kg and a median of 0.008 4 mg / kg. The antimony exposure of residents in seven major types of foodstuffs in Hunan Province was 0.65 μg / kg BW, (MOS) of 9.2. Vegetables are the main sources of antimony exposure in the diet, contributing 83.09%. Conclusion The levels of antimony in the main foodstuffs in Hunan Province did not exceed the TDI value, and the MOS value was> 1. The antimony exposure in the residents was generally in a safe state, but the contribution of vegetables in the diet to the exposure of antimony was worthy of attention.