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多年来,由于形态学方法本身固有的局限性及病理工作者的主观影响,使肿瘤临床病理诊断中某些棘手问题一直未能得到很好的解决,尤其对某些低分化肿瘤的诊断,不同的病理学家或同一病理学家在不同时间内,对同一病例有时竟得出完全不同的结论。这不仅降低了病理诊断在指导临床治疗和估计病人预后上的意义,而且使要从大面积统计学上进行肿瘤病因、病理、疗效分析等多方面的探讨几乎不可能。由于各家的材料往往因诊断标准不同而难以纳入同一个总体,从而大大地阻碍了肿瘤研究的进展。近年来,在病理研究中引入了“量”的概念。电子计算机在医学研究领域日益广泛应
Over the years, due to the inherent limitations of morphological methods and the subjective influence of pathologists, some difficult problems in the clinical pathological diagnosis of tumors have not been well resolved, especially for the diagnosis of some poorly differentiated tumors. The pathologist or the same pathologist sometimes came to a completely different conclusion in the same case at different times. This not only reduces the significance of pathological diagnosis in guiding clinical treatment and estimating the patient’s prognosis, but also makes it impossible to discuss the etiology, pathology, and efficacy of the tumor statistically from a large area. Since the materials of each family are often difficult to be included in the same population because of different diagnostic criteria, the progress of cancer research is greatly hindered. In recent years, the concept of “quantity” has been introduced into pathological research. Electronic computers are increasingly widely used in medical research