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锚泊船只在受到海流、风、海浪等外力作用时其运动规律是很复杂的。大体有下列几种运动:船只绕锚定点的回转运动;绕锚链孔的旋转运动;摇艏运动;纵横向摇摆;升沉运动等。这些运动以各种方式影响测流结果。另外流体绕流现象改变了船只周围的流态,船体磁场对海流计的流向传感器也有影响。一般从事海洋调查的人员,对这些情况是很熟悉的,应当设法消除或减少这些影响。我们的实验表明即使在风平浪静的2～3级海况,这些影响也不容忽视,这时的流速误差可达20％之多;流向误差可达±10°。在实验中我们观测了船艏向,锚链的方位角及入水角参数的时间变化,并作了这些因素对海流测量影响的初步分析。
The law of motion of anchoring vessels is complicated when they are subjected to external forces such as currents, winds and waves. There are generally the following types of movement: the ship around the anchoring point of the revolving motion; around the anchor chain hole rotation; shake 艏 exercise; vertical and horizontal swing; heave movements. These exercises affect the flow measurement results in a variety of ways. In addition, the flow around the flow changes the flow around the vessel, and the hull’s magnetic field also affects the flow sensor of the flow meter. Those who are generally engaged in oceanographic surveys are familiar with these situations and should seek to eliminate or mitigate these effects. Our experiments show that these effects should not be overlooked, even in the calm sea level 2 to 3 sea level. At this time, the flow rate error can reach as much as 20% and the flow direction error can reach ± 10 °. In the experiment, we observed the time variation of the ship 艏 direction, the azimuth of anchor chain and the parameters of water entry angle, and made a preliminary analysis of the influence of these factors on the current measurement.