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目的探讨影响流动儿童主观幸福感的相关因素,为提高和改善流动儿童的主观幸福感提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,调查长沙市541名流动儿童的主观幸福感状况,并用MANOVA进行分析。结果不同性别的流动儿童在主观幸福感的正性情绪、负性情绪和社会交往上有显著差异;不同年级的流动儿童在主观幸福感的正性情绪、精力与睡眠、生活状况和负性情绪以及社会交往上差异显著;歧视知觉对正性情绪、精力与睡眠、生活状况、饮食情况、负性情绪和社会交往都有显著影响;普通话流利程度对正性情绪、精力与睡眠、学习情况、生活状况和负性情绪都有影响;朋友个数对正性情绪、精力与睡眠、学习情况、生活状况、负性情绪和社会交往以及躯体状态都有影响。结论性别、年级、歧视知觉、普通话流利程度和朋友个数主要通过影响流动儿童的正性情绪、精力与睡眠、生活状况、负性情绪、社会交往来影响他们的主观幸福感。
Objective To explore the related factors that affect the subjective well-being of migrant children and provide a scientific basis for improving and improving their subjective well-being. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to investigate the subjective well-being of 541 floating children in Changsha and analyzed by MANOVA. Results The floating children of different genders had significant differences in the positive emotion, negative emotion and social interaction of subjective well-being. The positive emotion, energy and sleep, living conditions and negative emotions of the migrant children in different grades in subjective well-being As well as social interaction. Discrimination perception had a significant effect on positive emotions, energy and sleep, living conditions, diet, negative emotions and social interaction. Fluency of Putonghua had significant influence on positive emotions, energy and sleep, learning status, Living conditions and negative emotions have an impact; the number of friends on positive emotions, energy and sleep, learning, living conditions, negative emotions and social interaction and physical status have an impact. Conclusions Gender, grade, discrimination perception, fluency of mandarin and the number of friends affect their subjective well-being mainly through influencing the positive emotions, energy and sleep, living conditions, negative emotions and social interaction of migrant children.