目的 :从组织形态学角度观察、比较新鲜羊膜 (Freshamnioticmembrane ,FSAM )、冻干羊膜 (Frozenamnioticmembrane ,FZAM )、羊膜细胞外基质 (Amnioticextracellularmatrix ,AECM )的结构特点。方法 :采用目前国际公认的羊膜制备与保存方法 ,制备FSAM、FZAM、AECM ,分别经HE、PAS组织染色、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜检查 ,观察并比较它们的形态与结构特点。结果 :FSAM、FZAM在光镜和电镜下均与正常球结膜组织结构相近 ,两者形态上的主要差别表现在上皮细胞的结构变化上。而AECM结构较为独特 ,无细胞结构 ,其主要成分为胶原纤维、网状纤维和基质。结论 :从组织结构特点分析 ,FSAM、FZAM、AECM是目前较为理想的结膜替代材料并可有效地用于角、结膜表面重建 ;同时 ,AECM作为一种极为特殊的细胞外基质 ,有重要的研究与应用价值。 OBJECTIVE: To observe the structural features of Freshamniotic membrane (FSAM), frozen zygotic membrane (FZAM) and amniotic extracellular matrix (AECM) from the perspective of histomorphology. Methods: FSAM, FZAM and AECM were prepared by the currently accepted method of preparation and preservation of amniotic membrane. The cells were stained with HE and PAS, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe and compare their morphological and structural features. Results: The structures of FSAM and FZAM were similar to those of normal conjunctiva under both light and electron microscopy. The main morphological difference between them was the structural change of epithelial cells. The AECM structure is more unique, cell-free structure, the main components of collagen fibers, reticular fibers and matrix. Conclusion: According to the characteristics of tissue structure, FSAM, FZAM and AECM are ideal conjunctiva replacement materials and can be effectively used for the reconstruction of corneal and conjunctiva surface. Meanwhile, AECM is an extremely special extracellular matrix and important research And application value.