目的探讨抗ＰＭＬＲＡＲα反义核酸（ＦＵＡＳ）对ＮＢ４细胞的分化、ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ表达及ＰＭＬ／ＰＭＬＲＡＲα蛋白细胞内定位的影响。方法以ＮＢ４细胞为研究对象，细胞形态观察采用Ｗｒｉｇｈｔ染色法；ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ表达采用ＲＴＰＣＲ法；ＰＭＬ／ＰＭＬＲＡＲα蛋白细胞内定位采用免疫荧光技术。结果ＦＵＡＳ处理后第５天，细胞出现部分分化。处理后２４，７２，１２０小时，ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ表达分别下降５２．０％、６８．７％、２３．４％。抗ＰＭＬ抗体免疫荧光检测，ＦＵＡＳ处理２４小时后，细胞内微小颗粒消失，残存颗粒变大，１２０小时细胞内颗粒几乎消失。结论ＦＵＡＳ特异性阻断ＰＭＬＲＡＲαｍＲＮＡ表达，使ＰＭＬＲＡＲα融合蛋白合成减少甚至消失，进而促进细胞分化 Objective To investigate the effect of PASARARα antisense oligonucleotide (FUAS) on the differentiation of NB4 cells, the expression of PMLRARα mRNA and the intracellular localization of PML / PMLRARα protein. Methods The NB4 cells were used as the research objects, the cell morphology was observed by Wright staining method, the PMLRARα mRNA expression was determined by RTPCR method, the PML / PMLRARα protein was intracellularly localized by immunofluorescence technique. Results On the fifth day after FUAS treatment, the cells showed partial differentiation. At 24, 72 and 120 hours after treatment, the expression of PMLRARαmRNA decreased by 52.0%, 68.7% and 23.4%, respectively. Anti-PML antibody immunofluorescence assay, 24 hours after FUAS treatment, the intracellular small particles disappear, the remaining particles become larger, within 120 hours the particles of cells almost disappeared. Conclusions FUAS specifically blocks the expression of PML-RARαmRNA and reduces or even eliminates the synthesis of PMLRARα fusion protein, which in turn promotes cell differentiation