一、序言资本主义生产关系萌芽论(以下简称资本主义萌芽论或萌芽论)在很长一段时间内对朝鲜王朝后期史的认识方面起了前提般的作用。朝鲜、韩国史界均把资本主义萌芽论看做是克服以停滞 I. Preface The budding theory of the capitalist relations of production (hereinafter referred to as the budding theory or the budding theory of capitalism) has played a preconditional role in the understanding of the late Joseon Dynasty in a long period of time. North Korea, South Korea’s historical world capitalists buddhist treatise as seen to overcome the stagnation