目的:比较人骨髓基质干细胞与人瓣膜间质细胞抗原表达和分泌基质的特点,探讨人骨髓基质干细胞用于构建组织工程瓣膜的可行性。方法:体外培养、扩增人骨髓基质干细胞和人瓣膜间质细胞,比较形态学和生长特性,免疫荧光和流式细胞仪检测比较两者的抗原表达,免疫组织化学检测两者的细胞外基质分泌。扫描电镜观察MSC在瓣膜支架上的附着。结果:骨髓基质干细胞具有肌成纤维细胞的形态,细胞型分析显示α平滑肌肌动蛋白和波形蛋白阳性,平均荧光强度比分别为4.9和3.8,表达量与瓣膜间质细胞(2.4和3.1)接近。MSC分泌Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白,组织学和扫描电镜可见骨髓基质干细胞在瓣膜表面生长旺盛,具有正常的分泌功能和形态。结论:骨髓基质干细胞易于从体内分离、扩增,具有和瓣膜间质细胞相似的形态、抗原表达和功能,可以在去细胞猪主动脉瓣膜附着和扩增,形成组织,显示MSC是一种有前途的细胞,可以作为瓣膜组织工程的种子细胞来源。 OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of human bone marrow stromal stem cells with human valve stromal cell antigen expression and secretion, and to explore the feasibility of using human bone marrow stromal stem cells in the construction of tissue engineered valves. Methods: Human bone marrow stromal stem cells and human valve mesenchymal cells were cultured and expanded in vitro. Morphological and growth characteristics were compared. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of the two antigens. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the extracellular matrix secretion. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the attachment of MSC to the valve scaffold. RESULTS: BMSCs had the morphology of myofibroblasts. Cell type analysis showed that α-smooth muscle actin and vimentin were positive. The average fluorescence intensities were 4.9 and 3.8, respectively. The expression level was close to that of valvular mesenchymal cells (2.4 and 3.1) . MSC secreted type I and type III collagen, histological and scanning electron microscopy showed bone marrow stromal cells in the valve surface vigorous growth, with normal secretion and morphology. CONCLUSION: BMSCs are easy to be isolated and amplified from the body. They have morphological, antigenic and functional similarities with those of the stromal cells. They can be attached and amplified in acellular porcine aortic valves to form tissues. Promising cells that can serve as a source of seed cells for valve tissue engineering.