[流行病学]一百多年前,人们就知道棉纺厂工人特别易患呼吸系统疾病,而且认为这是由于接触过多的棉尘而引起的。这种呼吸系统疾病具有独特的病史,即每逢星期一发病,表现为胸部发紧、气短,故被称为“星期一症状”或“星期一热”。最初一些学者把这种症状称为棉尘性肺炎、工业性结核病、纺纱工肺结核、棉纺厂工人哮喘病等等,在1875年第一次把这种症状称为棉尘肺(byssinosis)。在棉花、亚麻、大麻工业中,世界各地都有棉尘肺流行,目前近20个国家报告了棉尘肺患病情况。美国梳棉工、纺纱工、络纱 [Epidemiology] More than a century ago people knew that cotton mill workers were particularly susceptible to respiratory diseases and thought it was due to excessive exposure to cotton dust. This respiratory disease has a unique medical history, that is, every Monday onset, manifested as chest tightness, shortness of breath, it is called “Monday symptoms” or “Monday fever.” Some scholars first referred to the symptoms as cotton dust pneumonia, industrial tuberculosis, spinner tuberculosis, cotton mill worker asthma, and so on, for the first time in 1875, calling this symptom “byssinosis.” In the cotton, linen and cannabis industries, cotton pneumoconiotics are circulating around the world and nearly 20 countries have reported the prevalence of cotton pneumoconiosis. American cardinals, spinning workers, winders