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语气词“嘛”标记说话人的知情状态,具体表现为说话人对听话人知情状态的预测,即认为听话人不知道自己应该知道的。“嘛”是一个直陈语气词,反映说话人对命题为真的强确定态度;“嘛”的强确定性以及附带的“不满”情绪都来源于它所标记的说话人的知情状态,这也显示了知情状态与认识情态之间的密切关系。从知情状态的角度研究汉语语气词的话语特点,有助于建立语气词的话语功能系统,进行不同语言/方言之间的类型比较。
Mood word “Well ” marked the speaker’s informed state, specifically for the speaker’s prediction of the informed state of the listener, that the obedient does not know what they should know. “Well ” is a straightforward modality that reflects the speaker’s strong certainty about the truth of the proposition; the strong certainty of “well ” and the incidental “dissatisfaction ” sentiment stem from the words it is tagged People’s informed status, which also shows the close relationship between informed status and cognitive modality. Studying the characteristics of the discourse of Chinese modal particles from the perspective of the informed state helps to establish the discourse function system of modal particles and compare the types of dialects between different languages.