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元清两朝是我国历史上仅有的两个由少数民族入主中原而建立的大一统政权,这两个朝代对我国多民族国家的发展发挥了重要作用,推进了蒙汉、满汉互融的进程。两个少数民主问鼎中原并巩固其政权,这与当时统治者在中原实行的文化政策是分不开的,吸取汉族文化为己用,借鉴历代中原王朝的文化政策以达一统。元清两朝由不同少数民族建立,实行文化政策的出发点与角度不仅与历代中原王朝不同,二者之间也有较多差异。本文现就这两个朝代的文化政策进行比较研究。
The two dynasties of Yuan and Qing dynasties played an important role in the development of the multi-ethnic country in our country. They promoted the exchanges between the Mongolian and Han Chinese, the Manchu and Han Dynasties Melting process. The two minorities’ aspirations to the Central Plains and the consolidation of their political power are inseparable from the cultural policies practiced by the rulers in the Central Plains at that time. They learned from the Han culture and used the cultural policies of the Central Plains dynasties for unity. Yuan and Qing dynasties established by different ethnic minorities, the starting point and angle of implementing cultural policy are not only different from the dynasties of the Central Plains dynasties, there are more differences between the two. This article is a comparative study of the cultural policies of these two dynasties.