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热磁发电作为一种尚在研发中的发电技术,可以直接将热能转化为电能,具有可靠性高、热源品位要求低、可利用不同温区热源的特点,在工业余热回收、太阳能利用、地热能利用、微电子机械系统热量捕集等领域具有应用前景.根据使用铁磁材料状态不同,热磁发电机可分为固体铁磁材料热磁发电机和磁流体热磁发电机;根据发电机结构不同热磁发电机可分为静止式、旋转式和往复式3种主要类型.文中介绍了静止式热磁发电机、旋转式热磁发电机、往复式热磁发动机、磁流体热磁发动机的研究情况,并结合当前研究进展,探讨未来热磁发电技术的发展方向.“,”As a novel heat-to-electricity conversion technology with advantages of high reliability,wide adaptability of various heat sources,thermomagnetic generator can convert thermal energy into electrical energy directly,which is considered to have a promising prospect in recovering industrial waste heat,solar energy,geothermal heat etc.According to the use of different states of ferromagnetic materials,thermomagnetic generators can be divided into solid and fluidic thermomagnetic generators roughly.Furthermore,according to the driving method of ferromagnetic materials the solid thermomagnetic generator can be divided into static,rotary and reciprocating types.In this paper,the research progress in different kinds of thermomagnetic generators including static thermomagnetic generator,rotary thermomagnetic generator,reciprocating thermomagnetic generator,ferromagnetic working-fluid thermomagnetic generator were reviewed respectively.Based upon these progress,we discussed the development tends of thermomagnetic generator technology in future.