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临边观测是一种新的空间大气遥感探测方式,但大气散射光谱辐射随临边高度的增加而迅速减弱。所以信噪比是临边遥感仪器的关键性能指标。在深入分析典型仪器信号光谱辐射传输特性和噪声来源的基础上建立了随探测器制冷温度变化的信噪比模型,并在一台临边遥感光谱仪原理样机上模拟试验验证了空间环境下临边高度70km处的信噪比,理论分析和实验结果一致表明:探测器制冷到一定温度时,仪器的信噪比达到了一个极限值。在综合考虑功耗、散热等问题的基础上获得了探测器的最优工作温度。
The fringe observation is a new method of space atmosphere remote sensing. However, the radiation of the atmospheric scattering spectrum decreases rapidly with the increase of the fringe height. Therefore, the signal to noise ratio is a key performance indicator of the remote sensing instrument. Based on the analysis of signal radiation characteristics and noise sources of typical instruments, the signal-to-noise model with the change of detector cooling temperature was established. The simulation experiments on a prototype of remote sensing spectrometer validated that the edge of space environment The signal-to-noise ratio at a height of 70km is consistent with the theoretical analysis and experimental results. It shows that when the detector is cooled to a certain temperature, the signal-noise ratio of the instrument reaches a limit value. Based on the comprehensive consideration of power consumption, heat dissipation and other issues, the optimal working temperature of the detector is obtained.