目的 :探讨前列腺体积、前列腺移行区体积与前列腺癌检出率的关系。方法 :采用经直肠双平面超声法检测 12 4例病人的前列腺体积及前列腺移行区体积。以前列腺体积均值 5 0cm3 为界 ,将病人分为大体积组 (A组 ) 6 5例 ,小体积组 (B组 ) 5 9例 ;以前列腺移行区体积均值 2 0cm3 为界 ,将病人分为大移行区组 (C组 ) 6 1例 ,小移行区组 (D组 ) 6 3例 ;然后分别比较两组病人前列腺癌的检出率。结果 :前列腺癌总检出率A组为 2 3 % (15 /6 5例 ) ,B组为 2 5 4% (15 /5 9例 ) ,两组差异无显著意义 (χ2 =0 0 92 8,P >0 0 5 ) ;C组为 16 4% (10 /6 1例 ) ,D组为 46 5 % (2 0 /6 3例 ) ,两组差异有统计学意义 (χ2 =3 986 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论 :经直肠双平面超声测定前列腺体积及前列腺移行区体积可作为前列腺癌的初步筛选手段。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between the volume of prostate and the volume of prostate transition and the detection rate of prostate cancer. Methods: Prostate volume and prostate transitional volume of 124 patients were examined by transrectal bi-planar ultrasound. The patients were divided into 65 cases of large volume group (group A) and 59 patients of small volume group (group B) with the mean of 50 cm 3 of prostate volume. The patients were divided into 20 cm 3 Sixty-one patients in the large migration area (group C) and 63 in the small migration area (group D), and then compared the detection rates of the two groups of patients with prostate cancer. Results: The total positive rate of prostate cancer was 23% (15/65) in group A and 25.4% (15/59) in group B, with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0 0 92 8 , P> 0.05), 16 4% (10/61) in group C and 46 5% (20/63) in group D, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3 986, P <0 0 5). Conclusion: The transrectal biplane ultrasound measurement of prostate volume and prostate transitional zone volume can be used as a primary screening method for prostate cancer.