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新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the newborn,HDN)是由于母婴血型不合引起的同族免疫性溶血,发生于胎儿期及新生儿早期。临床中以ABO血型不合最为常见,其次为Rh血型不合。但是Rh血型不合溶血病较ABO血型不合溶血病更为严重,其起病早,进展快,溶血程度重,易出现高胆红素血症及胆红素脑病,遗留神经系统后遗症,故应引起重视。现对新生儿Rh血型不合溶血病的基因诊断及治疗进展综述如下。
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a congenital immune hemolysis caused by maternal-fetal incompatibility, occurring in the fetal and early neonates. ABO blood group clinical abnormalities most common, followed by Rh blood group incompatibility. However, Rh blood incompatible hemolytic disease than ABO blood group incompatible hemolytic disease is more serious, its onset early, rapid progress, heavy hemolytic, prone to hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin encephalopathy, the legacy of nervous system sequelae, it should be caused Pay attention. Now neonatal Rh blood group hemolytic disease gene diagnosis and treatment of progress are summarized below.