1983年,辽宁省建平县牛河梁发现了属于考古学红山文化晚期的“积石冢”群等重要遗迹(图一),年代依经树轮校正的碳一14数据约为公元前3000年①。其中编号为Z3的三环石坛颇具特色,遗迹整体由规整的淡红色圭状石桩组成三个叠起的同心圆坛,剖面呈拱形(图一:1)。研究表明,三环石坛是迄今所见史前时期最完整的盖天宇宙论图解,这对中国早期天文学史的研究具有重要意义。 In 1983, an important relic belonging to the “Jishiqu mound” group belonging to the later period of Hongshan culture of archeology was discovered in Niuhe Liang, Jianping County, Liaoning Province (Figure 1). According to the tree-ring corrected carbon-14 data, 3000 years ①. One of the three ring stone number Z3 quite distinctive, the ruins of the whole by the regular pink-colored stone-like pile composed of three stacked concentric altar, the section was arched (Figure 1: 1). The research shows that the three-ring stone altar is the most complete illustration of the covered universe cosmology in the prehistoric period so far, which is of great significance to the study of the history of early Chinese astronomy.