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热特性研究是卫星热控制系统、红外辐射特性研究、红外隐身设计的基础和重要组成部分。建立卫星运行轨道计算模型,获得不同时刻卫星三维坐标及轨道高度。根据太阳、卫星、地球三者位置关系,建立三轴稳定式卫星空间热流计算模型。综合考虑空间热流、向外辐射、内部热载荷等因素,对卫星进行传热分析计算,获得各时刻卫星各面温度分布。分析了太阳吸收系数和卫星内部热载荷对表面温度分布的影响。研究结果表明:卫星在地球阴影区各面温度明显降低;除了散热面,太阳吸收系数对卫星表面温度影响显著;可以根据散热面大致地判断卫星运行状况。
Thermal characteristics of the satellite thermal control system is the study of infrared radiation characteristics, the basis of infrared stealth design and an important part. The establishment of satellite orbit calculation model to obtain satellite at different times three-dimensional coordinates and orbital height. According to the relationship between the sun, the satellite and the earth, a three-axis stable satellite heat flow calculation model is established. Considering the space heat flow, outward radiation, internal heat load and other factors, the heat transfer analysis and calculation of the satellite to obtain the temperature distribution of each surface of the satellite at all times. The effects of solar absorption coefficient and satellite internal thermal load on the surface temperature distribution were analyzed. The results show that the temperature of satellites in the shadow area of the earth obviously decreases. The solar absorption coefficient has a significant effect on the surface temperature of the satellite except the radiating surface. The satellite surface can be roughly judged according to the radiating surface.