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危险废弃物运输问题是典型的多目标决策问题,需要考虑成本和风险这2个相互冲突的目标。为降低危险废弃物运输风险,建立时变条件下的人员和环境风险度量模型。考虑时变条件对运输事故率的影响,建立有到达时间限制的考虑运输成本和运输风险的危险废弃物运输多目标决策模型。通过线性加权将多目标问题转化为单目标问题,并给出其基于动态规划和标号法的求解方法。最后给出算例,验证模型和算法的有效性。结果表明:最优运输路线随着出发时刻的不同而变化,选择合理的出发时刻能有效降低运输风险和成本,实现安全运输。
Hazardous waste transport problem is a typical multi-objective decision-making problem, need to consider the cost and risk of these two conflicting goals. In order to reduce the risk of hazardous waste transportation, a model of personnel and environmental risk measurement under time-varying conditions is established. Considering the influence of time-varying conditions on the accident rate of transportation, a multi-objective decision model of hazardous waste transportation considering transportation cost and transportation risk with time-of-arrival constraints is established. The multi-objective problem is transformed into a single-objective problem by linear weighting, and its solution method based on dynamic programming and labeling is given. Finally, an example is given to verify the validity of the model and algorithm. The results show that the optimum transport route changes with the departure time, and choosing a reasonable departure time can effectively reduce the transportation risk and cost and achieve safe transport.